Environment Friendly Processing of Lead Battery Scrap
Careful preservation and protection
and management of our natural resources will help sustain our
environment for future generations.

By recycling batteries we may be
keeping in compliance with current environmental regulations,
managing our waste stream properly and limiting our exposure to
liability... and setting good example for everyone to keep our
environment healthy.
By any measure, Lead-acid batteries
and the environment are one of the environmental success stories of
our lifetime. More than 98 percent of all battery Lead and plastic
is recycled, making the Lead-Acid Battery the recycled Leader of all
consumer products.
The life cycle of a Lead-Acid Battery
follows a continuous, closed loop. The typical new Lead-Acid Battery
is made with 60 to 80 percent recycled Lead and plastic. When a
spent battery is collected and returned to a permitted recycler, its
Lead and plastic are reclaimed and directed to new battery
manufacturing.
Lead-Acid Battery safety efforts by
the battery industry have led to the adoption of battery recycling
laws in 38 states while five others have disposal bans. What other
industry works so hard to steward its product from the beginning of
its service life, through distribution, collection of old product,
recycling and reclamation, and back to another service life? What
other industry takes responsibility to meet stringent environmental
regulations that protect the environment while providing a critical
recycling service?
Environmental friendly recycling of Lead Waste
Unless we recycle the spent batteries certain toxic components pose
a potential risk to the environment and human health. However
Environment Friendly Battery Recycling:
-
Saves Energy: It takes less
energy to make a recycled battery. In fact secondary Lead bullion,
for example, requires four times less energy to make than primary
Lead.
-
Saves Natural Resources: By
making products from recycled materials instead of virgin materials,
we conserve land and reduce the need to mine for more minerals.
-
Saves Clean Air and Water: In
most cases, making products from recycled materials creates less air
pollution and water pollution than making products from virgin
materials.
-
Saves Landfill Space: When the
materials that you recycle go into new products, instead of
landfills or incinerators, landfill space is conserved.
-
Saves Money and Creates Jobs:
The recycling industry and the associated processes create far more
jobs than landfill sites or waste incinerators, and recycling is
frequently the least expensive waste management option for cities
and towns.
Lead Scrap
Recycling
Benefits of a Environment Friendly Battery Recycling
-
Keeps all the hazardous metals in one
place
-
The metals reclaimed are reused and
put back into the manufacturing process to build more batteries
-
The plastic is recycled to be used
again
-
The cost of land filling the batteries
is saved
-
Good environmental policy
-
Saves natural resources
-
Protects the future
-
Conserves for future generations
-
Countries have gone environmentally
bankrupt by not managing their waste products. Recycling helps
prevent this from ever happening!

Lead is a naturally occurring metal
found in the earth's crust. However, most of the Lead dispersed
throughout the environment comes from human activity. Leaded
gasoline was one of the major sources of airborne Lead. Other
sources of Lead released to the air include burning fuel, such as
coal and oil, industrial processes and burning solid waste. The
largest use of Lead is in the production of some types of batteries.
It is also used in ammunition, ceramic glazes, and medical,
scientific and military equipment.
The release of Lead to the air is now
less than the release of Lead to the soil. Most of the elevated
levels of Lead in soils come from landfills, Leaded paint, mining
wastes, ammunition manufacturing, and other industrial activities
such as battery production. Lead is removed from the air by rain
and, once deposited on soil, usually adheres to soil particles.
The levels of Lead may build up in
plants and animals in areas where air, water, or soil are
contaminated with Lead. If animals eat contaminated plants or
animals, most of the Lead that they eat will pass though their
bodies. It is the small amount absorbed that can cause harmful
effects. For the general population, most exposure results from
eating foods containing Lead or from Leaded paint. Lead can be found
in a variety of foods including produce, meats, grains, seafood,
soft drinks and wine. Usually, low levels of Lead are found in
drinking water. However, the amount of Lead in drinking water can
increase if the water supply is acidic, leaching Lead from Lead
pipes, solder or brass faucets.
Large numbers of workers are
potentially exposed to Lead in the workplace. People employed in
Lead smelting and refining jobs, rubber products and plastic
industries, steel welding or cutting operations, battery
manufacturing plants, construction work, those who work at municipal
waste incinerators, pottery and ceramics industries or remove old
Lead-based paint may all be exposed. The Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) require that a worker with a blood-Lead
level over 40 ug/deciliter be removed from the area of exposure. A
study of workers in a ceramics industry indicated that family
members of exposed workers also had elevated blood-Lead levels, most
likely because of the dust accidentally brought home by workers

Inhalation is the main pathway of
exposure for people whose occupation exposes them to Lead particles.
Once in the lower respiratory tract, Lead is almost completely
absorbed. Absorption of Lead in adults through ingestion is
relatively low, unless ingested while the person is fasting.
However, the rate of absorption through ingestion for young children
is four to five times higher than for adults. Exposure data is
expressed in terms of absorbed dose, usually measured as levels of
Lead in the blood.
Estimates of blood-Lead levels for
children under five years old indicated that nearly nine percent, or
approximately two million children have blood-Lead levels of 10 ug/deciliter
or higher, which the Center for Disease Control considers to be the
level indicating Lead poisoning.
There is no beneficial purpose for
Lead in the human body. Lead has been shown to affect virtually
every major organ in the body. The most sensitive organs appear to
be the nervous system (particularly in children), the circulatory
system and the cardiovascular system. In addition, colic is a
consistent early symptom of Lead poisoning. In adults, symptoms of
neurological effects include dullness, irritability, poor attention
span, headaches, muscular tremors, loss of memory, and
hallucinations. The condition may then worsen, sometimes abruptly,
to delirium, convulsions, paralysis, coma and death.
In children, many of the same symptoms
occur along with hyperirritability and convulsions. There is a
greater incidence of permanent neurological and cognitive
impairments in children. Even at lower levels without the severe
symptoms described above, there may be permanent damage.
A large body of literature clearly
indicates that high levels of Lead cause adverse effects on both
male and female human reproductive functions. Lead is a teratogen
that can cause fetal malformation, a mutagen that can affect both
sperm and eggs, and a reproductive toxin that can impair fertility.
Women who are exposed during pregnancy have experienced miscarriages
and stillbirths. Several studies in males indicates that at moderate
blood-Lead levels (40-50 micrograms (ug)/deciliter) sperm production
may be affected. Other studies, while of limited sample size or
lacking a matched control group, provide evidence for Lead-induced
endocrine disturbances and reproductive disjunction in male workers
exposed to Lead.
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